A group of silicate minerals with a 7 on the Mohs mineral hardness scale, they are composed of a large number of component minerals, including magnesium, iron, manganese, calcium, titanium, aluminum, and chromium, among others.
Per their composition, garnets can be classified as almandine, pyrope, spessartine, grossular, rhodolite, andradite, or uvarovite, and have a variety of colors such as red, yellow, indigo, black, and green.
According to the Bible, its red color is attributed to the flames within the jewel, and it is said that Noah used it to light the inside of the Ark.
In medieval Europe, it was considered an amulet, worn by crusaders during their campaigns, and given to their wives to protect their chastity.
It was also believed in ancient Egypt to be effective in warding off evil and healing and was thought to help with heart and blood diseases.
It is the birthstone of January and symbolizes friendship, truth, and chastity.
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